Car And Truck Brake Parts

Brake Force

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Brake Force
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Modern brakes were invented in the late 19th century, around the same time as the tyre. Up until then, vehicles had wooden wheels that were stopped by large wooden blocks, lowered into position by the driver using a simple lever system. When tyres were invented, the wooden block system wasn't good enough to stop them at the higher speeds they could achieve, which meant that a new braking system had to be invented.

To see the basic principles of modern braking, it is easiest to look at a bicycle. Basically, when you put pressure on the brakes, the pressure is transferred through cables to pull small pads onto the side of the tyres, and the force of the friction against the tyres causes them to stop.

In fact, cars originally used this very same cable system, but it was found not to work so well at high speeds. Instead, the cables were replaced with hydraulic fluid, which works to transfer the pressure the driver puts on the pedal to the brakes. This works because the fluid cannot get much smaller when pressure is put on it, meaning that pressure at one end is transferred to the other - much like water flowing through a pipe. However, if this brake fluid leaks even a little, then the brakes may not work properly any more, which is why it's very important to check your brake fluid regularly.

Of course, in modern cars, there are other mechanisms apart from pure pressure to help you brake. Most cars now have a vacuum system to create more friction in the brakes, and a servo system that uses the car's own speed to help your pressure have more of an impact.

One word of warning, though: some cars now have fully computerised brakes, where pushing on the pedal sends an electrical signal to turn on electrically-powered brakes. While this makes it much easier to brake, it is also more prone to failure, meaning that if your car's computer breaks you might find it impossible to stop. Until this technology has been around a little longer, it's probably best to stick to traditional mechanical braking methods.

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Brake-by-wire Promises to be the Brake System of the Future

The automotive industry is one which comes up with innovation time after time. It was not so long ago when motorists did not have the services of technologically advanced features like the anti-lock braking system (ABS). But continued developments in the auto industry made it possible for motorists to have more and more features in their vehicles which make driving a whole new experience.

The brake system of a vehicle is one of the more important systems in the vehicles. It keeps a vehicle’s occupants safe by allowing the driver to stop the car whenever he or she wants or need to. Currently, most number of vehicles in the roads of the world is equipped with hydraulic braking system. This means that the brake calipers are activated by pressurized brake fluid. The fluid is pressurized in the master cylinder of the vehicle. This pressurized fluid is then passed through the hydraulic lines to get to the brake calipers.

Recent development though seems to point out that in the future, the hydraulic line may no longer be needed in a vehicle’s braking system. In fact, in a recent study conducted by Frost & Sullivan, analysts predicted that beyond the year 2010, the auto industry will start to replace hydraulic braking systems with brake-by-wire systems. The use of brake-by-wire technologies like the electro mechanical braking system and the electronic wedge brake is expected to be standard for future vehicles.

These braking systems uses electronic signal instead of mechanical in order to activate the brakes. The electro mechanical barking system or (EMB) does not require hydraulic lines since the activation of the brake is done within the wheel assembly itself. Instead of using calipers, the system uses a wheel brake module. This module includes disc brakes and an electric motor which is the one that will activate the brakes whenever the driver pushes down on the brake pedal. The disc brakes used in this system are just like EBC brake pads in terms of efficiency in stopping a vehicle. To calculate how much braking force is needed, a vehicle needs to be equipped with an Electronic Stability Program (ESP). The ESP maintains the stability of the car during braking with the aid of different sensors integrated into a vehicle.

With the use of the brake-by-wire system, drivers are given more control of their vehicles especially in case of emergency. The study conducted also shows that among the respondents in their survey, a large number of motorists will buy a car if it is equipped with the said technology. This is because the reliability of the aforementioned braking system has been documented to be better than conventional hydraulic braking system.

About the Author

Anthony Fontanelle is a 35-year-old automotive buff who grew up in the Windy City. He does freelance work for an automotive magazine when he is not busy customizing cars in his shop.

What is the difference between a front and a rear bicycle caliper brake?

Bicycle brakes are supplied as "front" or "rear" or as a pair. I see no difference in the appearance of the brakes. I realize that the braking forces through the brakes are opposite, front to rear, but I don't see any physical differences in the brake's design. Except maybe for the length of the mounting bolt.

Yes, there is the difference in mounting bolt lengths (longer - front, shorter - rear). But there can be other differences. Brake shoes with removable brake pads are front and rear specific as well. If you switched the brakes around (which you can't since the different length mounting bolts won't allow this), the removable brake pads would eventually come out of the brake shoes due to the braking forces pulling them forward. Also, some manufacturers make the rear brake weaker than the front. This is done to reduce locking up the rear wheel. The answers having to do with cable length are kinda silly, since the cables are not really part of the brake mechanisms, and it's stating the obvious.

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