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Recently, there seems to be an influx of clients seeking advice to reduce estrogen dominance which may appear in males as increased breast tissue (gynecomastia), and females complaining that their legs are fat or thick. Upon observation of these men and women, I noticed they tend to spend a ton of their time on cardio equipment or jogging, and never or hardly any time, strength training.

Aside from the activity of choice these men and women choose, they tend to be estrogen dominant. Estrogen dominance may be attributed from genetics, environmental and lifestyle. Estrogen is catabolic hormone causing an increase in body fat and increased aromatase, whereas testosterone is an anabolic hormone that promotes muscle growth.

Aromatization happens when androgens (testosterone) convert to estrogens (estrodial). High estrogen and low testosterone may indicate aromatase. Aromatase is an enzyme found in estrogen producing cells in the adrenal glands, ovaries, placenta, testicles, adipose or fat tissue and the brain.

Symptoms of decreased testosterone include fatigue, lack of motivation, depression, decreased libido, poor concentration, decreased muscle tissue and increased body fat. In men, their breasts may enlarge as extra estrogen begins to promote female body characteristics.

Estrogen dominance may be revealed through caliper skin fold measurements and hormonal blood lab work or saliva testing. Results revealing high estrogen and low testosterone apply to females and male, alike.

Suggested lab testing:

*Female Hormone Profile: Pregnenolone, Total Estrogens, DHEA-S, Progesterone, Testosterone (total)

*Male Hormone Profile: Pregnenolone, Total Estrogens, DHEA, Progesterone, Bioavailable Testosterone, Testosterone (total), Testosterone (free)

*Both male and female should test - Thyroid panel: T3, T4, TSH and thyroid antibodies

*Male: PSA (Test at age 50 for Caucasian; age 40 for African American)

For skin fold measurements in males: if the pectoral site is higher than the triceps site this indicates aromatase. Additionally, if the quadriceps skin fold is relatively high in a male a PSA (Prostate-specific Antigen) test is in order. The skin fold estrogen sites for a female are the quadriceps and hamstrings. Liver enzyme activity and poor detoxification of estrogens are other factors to consider. Alcohol can be the culprit here as well as marijuana.

Excess estrogens in your body not only lead to aromatization, but estrogen dominant health issues such as endometriosis, ovarian cysts, fibroids as well as breast and prostate cancers. Read more about hormones in my book, THE POWER OF 4 ~ Your Ultimate Guide Guaranteed to Change Your Body and Transform Your Life.

Factors that raise levels of estrogen include:

*Age increases aromatase activity

*Carbohydrate intolerance and insulin resistance - This affects the adrenals and all other major hormone levels. (The hormone you have the most control over is insulin - this is controlled through your diet. Hormones do not act independently.)

*Consuming a diet of processed soy and non-organic foods loaded with xenoestrogens, pesticides, etc.

*Liver function changes - Elevated AST and ALT values

*Obesity - High estrogen is present in most obese people of all ages. Obesity in males = 25% body fat or greater. Obesity in females = 30% body fat of greater

*Overuse of marijuana and alcohol - This equals higher blood sugar, triglycerides and estrogens.

*Plastics, pesticides, soaps, skin care products, cosmetics and household cleaning products containing xenoestrogens, pesticides and other chemicals.

*Prescription drug side effects - especially diuretics and liver activity drugs

*Zinc deficiency. Low levels of zinc have been linked to enlarged prostates and less than desirable levels of testosterone.

Aside from implementing lifestyle changes, eliminating all estrogen precursors as plastics, non-organic food and ensuring healthy gut flora, there are various aromatase inhibitors one can obtain through botanicals and supplementation.

Resveratrol, Calcium d-Glucarate, nettle root, chrysin, passionflower and green tea are natural estrogen blockers, preventing aromatase. DIM and Calcium D-Glucarate are helpful for estrogen dominant legs in women and gynecomastia in men. Gynecomastia is a growth of breast tissue in men.

In addition to the above, consider:

*Omega-3 fish oils (EPA/DHA), zinc and probioitics

*Consume organic foods versus conventional due to their abundance of synthetic pesticides, hormones, antibiotics, etc.

*Eliminate processed soy products.

*Avoid refined carbohydrates, HFCS and trans fats. Educate yourself on these ingredients and products, and stay away from them!

*Avoid estrogen precursors such as plastic bottles, chemical-laden cosmetics, lotions and cleaning products.

The exercise training program solution for estrogen dominance and decreased testosterone is a high-intensity strength training program that builds muscle. Proper nutrition must always be factored in and cannot be underestimated. Workouts involving the major muscles and multi-joint exercises will force the body to lose the fat reserves and increase muscle mass. Some of my favorite total body strength training exercises for include Olympic lifts, squats, multi-directional lunges, dead lifts, pull ups, push ups and step ups using sand bags, body weight, dumbbells, suspension training (TRX), kettlebells, sleds, pulleys and barbells.

PAULA OWENS
PaulaOwens.com

Paula Owens is the author of THE POWER OF 4. She is a natural health practitioner, nutritionist, fitness expert and weight loss coach with over 20 years of experience known for helping people look good, feel great and attain results faster - naturally. She holds a Masters degree in Holistic Nutrition, a Bachelors degree in Kinesiology and numerous professional health and fitness certifications. She is the creator of "21 Days to a Leaner, Healthier You," an online weight loss and exercise program. Visit Paula at PaulaOwens.com

2008 Victory Hammer SLE Road Test by Chris Moss

Not everyone has heard of the bike firm Victory. Anyone within earshot of its Hammer S Limited Edition will probably never hear again! The ground-breaking thunder from its open pipes is ear-damaging loud enough to make you think Des O'Connor records sound good. Thankfully the striking American-made behemoth is a lot less painful on the eyes. Its low and moody all-black dragster style seems to please just about everyone - even those initially annoyed by the racket it makes. Though there's a good chance your deafened neighbours may not see things quite as positively.

It's a bike with real presence, and generates the sort of attention normally reserved for celebrities. You can't go anywhere on it without being hounded by admirers continually asking questions. It's not a bike for shy and retiring types.

Built to commemorate the firm's 10th anniversary, only 100 of the bikes are going to be made. It's based on the standard S version of the bike. But with a bigger 1731cc motor (that's 106cubic inches in US engine parlance) courtesy of a 6mm longer stroke, together with different cams and those hellishly loud pipes (luckily quieter ones come with the bike in standard trim), the SLE makes another 15bhp to bring its output to a measured 90bhp. To set it apart still further, it's hand-painted to your own design. The word exclusive is definitely applicable to a description of the Hammer SLE.

It's a bloody great long thing that's heavy enough to make hauling it up from its sidestand a bit of an effort. Even before you get it started it feels as though it's going to be intimidating to ride, and a real handful. Though in fairness as it's so different to anything I've ever ridden, I wasn't exactly sure what to expect at all. Few bikes have been as mysterious to me as this one.

But fire it up (make sure you're wearing earplugs), plant your boots on the forward-mounted pegs and let out the heavy clutch to get its black alloys turning, and a fair proportion of its low-slung 305kilos seems to disappear. On the go the Hammer turns into something far more manageable than you'd expect - well most of the time anyway. The whopping V-twin motor is more impressive for its 100-odd ft/lbs of torque than it is for its horsepower. This gives it a lazy, easy-going character which, allied to the high gearing means revs always stay very low - at 65mph only 2000rpm is showing on the tacho. There are six ratios to choose from, but most of the time just using the first three is enough. Besides, if you start topping 80mph the breeze gets strong enough to blow you off the back should you as much as wave to another rider. I did the ton a couple of times, and dare say it'd get to an indicated 120mph, but I'd have to get down the gym for some bicep-building before I could tolerate that much wind-induced strain.

To be fair, the Hammer is the sort of bike that's best being not being rushed too much. Cruising is the most appropriate pace for the Victory. Taking it easy and letting the world go by in at most a spirited, rather than manic fashion, is the key to most enjoyment. For once in my life I actually didn't break the speed limit everywhere I went, and found the experience quite therapeutic.

Though I'm sure it'll be used by most to pose around big cities, there's plenty about the Victory to enjoy out in the country. Choose the right sort of flowing back roads and the Victory can corner competently enough. The steering is unsurprisingly a bit on the heavy side and you'll need to recalculate your effort if you're used to more normal bikes, as I'm sure 99% of us are. But stability is a strong point, and with decent enough brakes and surprisingly firm, unadjustable suspension it can be hustled along at a fair old rate out on the open road.

Try maintaining that pace when the going gets tighter though, and the Hammer suddenly seems to develop a bit of an allergy to corners. A lengthy wheelbase, and massive 240-section flat profile rear tyre conspire to make negotiating stuff like roundabouts a real challenge. The first time I tried to get round one, I didn't think I was going to make it! Arguably that's not what the Victory is about though, with its design more suited to straight-line boulevard cruising than anything more speedy or twisty.

As an exclusive eye-catcher, the show-stopping Hammer S Limited Edition really does take some beating. Its dark magnitude and well-crafted engineering really help to set it apart. It's far from cheap at around £16,000, and unless you've left your GSX-R days well behind might not be something to consider just yet. If you want to make a big impression and avoid anonymity then it's a different story.

I personally would never choose the Victory as a first choice as it's simply too impractical for regular use. But if I was loaded and could afford a range of bikes, then I'd probably give it some serious thought. It was an almost surreal experience spending time with it and quite unlike anything I've done on two wheels before. Going somewhere on the Hammer SLE isn't just a ride, it's an event.

SPECIFICATIONS
VICTORY HAMMER S LIMITED EDITION
Price: £16,000
Performance: 120mph

Engine
Type: air/oil-cooled, 8v, SOHC, 50-degree V-twin
Displacement: 1731cc
Bore x Stroke: 101 x 102mm
Compression: 8.7:1
Maximum power (tested): 92bhp @ 5,000rpm
Maximum torque (tested): 103lb/ft @ 4,000rpm
Carburation: EFi, 45mm throttle bodies

Cycleparts
Chassis: Steel-tubed double cradle
Suspension: (F) 43mm inverted telescopic forks, no adjustment
(R) rising-rate monoshock, adjustable preload
Brakes: (F) twin 300mm discs with four-piston calipers
(R) single 300mm disc with twin-piston caliper
Wheels/Tyres: Cast aluminium/Dunlop Elite (F) 130/70-18
(R)240/40-18
Rake/Trail 32.7°/140mm
Seat height: 673mm
Wheelbase: 1669mm
Fuel capacity: 17 litres
Dry weight: 305kg
Contact: 0800 915 6724

About the Author

MOTORCYCLE journalist extraordinaire and one of the most respected bike testers in the business Chris 'Mossy' Moss supplies reviews of the latest motorbikes on
http://www.cia-motorcycle-insurance.co.uk

Brake problem pedal sinks under load only?

Well my pedal began to sink to the floor under a load so i replaced the master cylinder,front calipers and all around have new pads. I have bled the system several time pedal is very firm when car off. The problem is when i start it at idle i have good pedal feel, but as soon i try to drive it a couple of feet and try to come to a stop they sink almost to the ground. boost test was done seems good. Would a bad check valve cause this or is the motor causing to much vacuum. Anyone please let me know your opinion
Its a 1998 nissan 240sx with a 2007 ls2 corvette v8 swap also no abs and has braided brakes lines as an upgrade too. Also all disk around

What I was worry about the brake of your 1998 Nissan 240 SX is the problem on master seal, but as you said that it already new, then it's not it. The problem is come from the brake booster, or called as vacuum servo, the seal inside it is being broke and make the vacuum it take is not keeped in the booster but back to the intake manifold. You can check it by hear an air leak on the booster if you press the brake pedal. Make sure replace it by same diameter and same rubber thickness, a thicker seal will broke the seal again, but if too wide can heavy the brake pedal pressing.

Blogs Last updated: July 26, 10:05
By now, we all have a pretty good idea what riders go through day in and day out at the Tour de France: wake up, breakfast, prepare for the stage, head to the start, sign in, race, head to the next hotel, massage, dinner, sleep, repeat.

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